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Understanding success and failure of anti-corruption initiatives

机译：了解反腐倡议的成败

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This paper focuses on the success and failure of anti-corruption initiatives; focusing mainly on those in developing countries. Through a review of extant evidence, it finds a very mixed picture within which there is widespread failure; albeit sometimes only partial failure. As a result, anti-corruption as a field can struggle to gain attention and resources among competing development initiatives. In reviewing that field we find that, while some progress has been made - for example in integrating risk assessments into programs and in learning from political economy analysis - there is little actual focus on the "missing middle": the interventions themselves and how they can be made to work better. In analyzing those interventions, we argue that projects mostly fail because of over-large "design-reality gaps"; that is, too great a mismatch between the expectations built into their design as compared to on-the-ground realities in the context of their implementation. Successful initiatives find ways to minimize or close these gaps. Effective design and implementation processes enable gap closure and improve the likelihood of success. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
机译：本文重点介绍反腐败举措的成败；主要集中在发展中国家。通过对现有证据的回顾，它发现了一个非常复杂的情况，其中普遍存在失败。尽管有时只是部分失败。结果，反腐败作为一个领域可能难以在竞争性发展计划中获得关注和资源。在审查该领域时，我们发现，尽管已经取得了一些进展，例如在将风险评估整合到计划中以及从政治经济学分析中学习，但实际上很少关注“缺失的中间”：干预本身以及如何进行干预使它更好地工作。在分析这些干预措施时，我们认为项目主要是由于“设计现实差距”过大而失败。也就是说，与实施中的实际情况相比，其设计中内置的期望与实物之间存在巨大的不匹配。成功的倡议找到了缩小或缩小这些差距的方法。有效的设计和实施过程可以缩小差距并提高成功的可能性。 ©2012 Springer Science + Business Media B.V.

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